Compare war, disasters, disease, and cyberattacks in one risk table, and publish it as the basis for defense budgets
Steps to make it happen
- Agencies for national defense, disaster response, and public health work with outside experts as one team.
- The team lists dangers such as war, earthquakes, floods, disease outbreaks, and online attacks in one table.
- The team compares how likely each danger is and how much harm it would do if it happened.
- The government publishes the table to everyone, except the parts that would help an enemy.
- The government shows whether its spending on the military, disaster response, and disease preparedness matches the table.
- When the table and the budget differ greatly, the government explains the reason clearly.
- Every few years, the team reviews the table and adds new dangers that have appeared.
- It becomes normal for everyone to discuss how much to prepare for each danger.
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The proposal in detail
This proposal gathers every threat to a society's safety into one "overall risk table" and makes it the shared basis for deciding how much to spend on protection. It covers armed attack from other countries, terrorism, cyberattacks that shut down electricity, water, and hospitals, major earthquakes and floods, large disease outbreaks, cuts in food and energy supplies, and even slow-moving dangers such as climate change. For each one, the table assesses how likely it is and how large the impact would be on lives, livelihoods, and essential services, over several time frames, from within a few years to several decades ahead, and it gives not only numbers but also how solid the evidence is. The table is prepared by a permanent body in which offices responsible for the military, disaster response, health, and communications take part together with outside experts, and an agency independent of the government checks its methods. A public version is issued regularly. Details that would give hints to an attacker are withheld, but the names of the withheld items are shown, and a body such as a legislative committee, bound by a duty to keep secrets, can check what was held back. In budget documents, the government states which danger in the table each item of spending on defense, disaster response, public health, and cyber defense is meant for, and when the assessment and the allocation differ greatly, the government explains why. However, the table is not a formula that sets the budget automatically, and the final decision is made by bodies chosen in elections. When a sudden crisis changes an assessment greatly, the table is updated without waiting for the regular review.
BenefitsLimited money can go to the dangers that are truly big
The greatest benefit is that limited money and people for protection become easier to allocate according to the actual size of dangers, rather than habit or the balance of power among agencies. When preparation for the military, disaster response, health, and communications is lined up on the same scale, dangers that are unlikely but would be devastating if they happened become visible, and so do weak points that have been left alone without notice. For example, investments that are easily put off in peacetime, such as preparing for disease outbreaks or replacing old communications equipment, also come into the light. Imagining in advance situations where several threats overlap also becomes a chance to close gaps in cooperation between agencies before they matter. For citizens, it provides material to learn what dangers their tax money is being used to prepare for, and to give their views on priorities. Because differences between the budget and the assessment require an explanation, it also acts as a brake on any one field growing or being cut without good reason. With regular reviews of the assessment, attention can turn early to dangers brought by new technology and climate change.
DrawbacksIt exposes our hand and compares things that can't be compared
What opponents worry about most is that publishing our weak points and our priorities for preparation would give hints to those planning an attack. Even if details are withheld, the overall pattern of where the budget is small could be enough to guess where to strike. There is also the view that military preparation exists precisely to lower the chance that something happens. War is rated unlikely because preparation exists, so cutting the budget on the strength of that rating could break deterrence and, paradoxically, make danger greater. In the first place, it is a stretch to compare war, disease, and floods on one scale, and there is a risk that once things are turned into numbers they look more certain than they really are. There is also concern that the body doing the assessment will be lobbied by agencies that want budgets, and that the table will become a tool in turf battles. Some also fear that describing even disease and climate in the language of security will spread secrecy and an emergency mindset into fields that should be handled through open discussion.
Learn the background
When we think of security, we tend to picture military power, but in recent years the threats that have taken the lives and livelihoods of many people have been of many kinds, such as large disease outbreaks, major natural disasters, and cyberattacks that stop the basic systems of society. Yet in many societies, budgets and staff for protection are decided separately by each agency, and old allocations tend to continue out of habit. Around the world, it has happened again and again that preparation for a danger experts warned about for years stayed thin, and people scrambled to respond only after it struck. Threats are also linked to one another. Online attacks that take advantage of the chaos after a disaster, or cuts in food and energy supplies caused by conflict, cannot be understood by looking at only one field. Furthermore, the question of how much money to spend on which danger is one that citizens, who pay the taxes and are protected by them, should have a part in deciding. But because almost no material for comparison is shown, the debate tends to be pulled toward whichever field speaks the loudest. Some countries already publish overall risk assessments, but in many cases these are not tied to budgets, so a mechanism that connects assessments to real preparation is needed.
Choose them ready to accept their drawbacks too (up to 5)
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This proposal was written in Japanese by AI (claude-opus-5-5, policy version 2026-10-15d) and translated by AI (claude-sonnet-5-5). Nobody has checked the facts. Read the original (日本語) How the AI writes